What is capacitor

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A capacitor is a two-terminal electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material known as a dielectric. The capacitance (C) of a capacitor is a measure of its ability to store electrical charge and is defined by the equation:


 

                                                                    CAPACITORS
  

where:

��
is the stored charge, and
�
� is the voltage across the capacitor.

The unit of capacitance is the farad (F). One farad is equal to one coulomb of charge stored per volt of potential difference.

Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for various purposes, including energy storage, filtering, coupling, and timing. They come in various types and sizes, each designed for specific applications. Some common types of capacitors include ceramic capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, tantalum capacitors, and film capacitors.

Capacitors can be polarized or non-polarized. Polarized capacitors, like electrolytic capacitors, have a specific positive and negative terminal, and it's crucial to connect them in the correct orientation. Non-polarized capacitors, such as ceramic capacitors, do not have a specific polarity and can be connected in either direction.

Capacitors are essential components in electronic devices and play a crucial role in smoothing voltage fluctuations, coupling signals between different parts of a circuit, and storing energy in various applications.

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